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Electrostatic Vs Dynamic Headphones and Speakers The headphones with a planar driver feature a flat diaphragm that is coated with conductors and reacts equally to the audio signals, not the focused wavefront of dynamic headphones. They also require an amplifier and are typically more expensive than dynamic headphones. They are known for their image structure and clarity, however they may not have the punch and slam of dynamic headphones. They're also a bit larger and consume more power. Dynamic Dynamic headphones and speakers are the most common models that consumers buy however audiophiles have always preferring planar drivers due to their superior sound quality. Planar magnetic headphones are generally more expensive than dynamic models and require a special amplifier (although newer technologies are helping lower the cost). The technology behind these headphones and speakers is quite different from conventional moving coil systems, which operate using a more sophisticated principle. The concept is fairly simple A thin, flat film diaphragm floats between two perforated metal plates. When audio signals are applied to the plates, the membrane is able to move back and forth because of electrical attraction and repulsion -the same way that condenser microphones work. When coupled with a top-quality headphone amplifier, the result is very natural and precise reproduction of music, with no distortion or other issues that can occur with more traditional dynamic designs. Planar headphones provide the most precise soundstage but also a more neutral sound signature and better transient response compared to dynamic models. Dynamic drivers, in contrast are susceptible to distortion when they are played at higher volumes because they only vibrate the portion of the diaphragm that is attached to the voice coil. This can cause small distortions which can affect the overall quality of audio reproduction. Planar headphones tend to have superior imaging capabilities, which makes it easier to find instruments in the stereo image. This is because a planar diaphragm is more spherical and carries an even wavefront when responding to an audio signal. Older dynamic headphones tend to fade off around 20hz. This can have a negative impact on their bass extension. Planar headphones also have the ability to reproduce the full range of frequencies. This allows the listener to hear the music exactly as it was intended by the audio engineers. Dynamic headphones might have trouble reproducing frequencies that are below their intended range. This is especially applicable to closed-back models. Planar headphones can be somewhat more difficult to drive as compared to dynamic models. The conductors of a planar driver cover only a fraction the diaphragm and thus require a greater current to drive than dynamic headphones. This leads to a higher power requirement and an increased complexity. The headphones are therefore required to be larger and more comfortable to allow for portability and comfort. They also require a bias supply to operate (although newer technologies are reducing the need for a bias supply). Despite this the planar headphones are an excellent choice for critical listeners looking for the best headphone experience. They are extremely comfortable to wear and feature an unmistakably natural sound that is not offered by any other type of headphone. They are also extremely durable, which means they'll last for years. Planar Traditionally, headphones with dynamic drivers make use of voice coils that vibrate a cone to produce sound. This technology has been around for 100 years and is fairly inexpensive. However it has its downsides. The distortion is caused by the voice coil only moves only a portion of the diaphragm. Many high-quality headphones, especially ones which require an amplified signal in order to function, have a 'flattened frequency response. This helps reduce distortion in higher frequencies. Planar magnetic headphones are a more recent alternative. They feature a flat diaphragm and an array of magnets to produce sound. These headphones are more even in motion and have less distortion than dynamic ones. They also can produce a lot of bass. These headphones are difficult to drive with integrated amps. They typically require a separate headphone amplifier to achieve their full potential. Some of the most sought-after headphones with a planar design are made by HiFiMAN and Audeze. They often feature exotic materials like beryllium, which allows them to cover a wide frequency range while still being able to reproduce clear sound. But, what we're witnessing is that even though these headphones can provide incredible image clarity and structure, they can sometimes lack the feeling of punch or slam you'll experience when you use dynamic headphones. Another issue with planar headphones is that they're susceptible to resonances, which can cause unwanted noise or leakage of sound. These problems aren't necessarily an issue for the majority of listeners but it's still important to be aware of these issues before buying a pair. We recommend that you test several different models regardless of whether you decide to go with a dynamic headphone or a planar one. This will help you determine which kind of headphones work best for your particular needs. If you're a casual person who needs a product that is easy to drive, a dynamic headphone might be the best option for you. If monoprice planar headphones looking for most powerful headphones that let you hear everything with great clarity and detail, you should consider an earphone with outstanding build quality. Stax's SR-009 is a fantastic example. You can also find other excellent planar headphones with a a price tag that won't cost you a fortune. They may not carry the Stax brand name or hefty price tag, but they will certainly provide the sound you're after without any of the pitfalls that come with expensive electronics. If you have money to spend, you might think about an electric headphone. It works on an entirely different approach and requires a specific power source and amplifier. For the majority of people, however, the dynamic headphone that is priced reasonably is a great choice. Electrostatic Electrostatic forces are forces that are not contact that pull or push on objects without touching them. Coulomb's Law describes them in terms of repelling like charges and unlike charges attract. To help students comprehend this concept, you may be able to show them examples of everyday electrostatic phenomena like plastic wrap that attracts light particles when removed from a package or rulers that attract pieces of paper which have been rubbed onto them. Dynamic headphones work on the simplest of principles that a voice coil generates an electric field that causes a diaphragm move. This motion then creates sound waves that are fed to the ears through earbuds or earcups. Because of this simple mechanism, dynamic headphones are relatively cheap. However this also means they will require a significant amount of power, which can take a lot of battery power from your smartphone. Planar headphones however, use advanced technology to create sound. They use an ultra-thin diaphragm that is floating between two metal plates that are perforated. Electrostatic forces cause the film membrane to move when audio signals are applied to the plates. This results in uniform sound waves that are more precise and accurate in comparison to the sound waves generated by traditional dynamic headphone drivers. Another benefit of this technology is that it allows it to operate at lower frequencies than dynamic headphones. This results in more natural more resonant sound, as well as more responsive bass. These headphones are also more comfortable than dynamic counterparts. However, their more complicated design and price make them a less affordable option for many listeners. The planar headphones are prone to leak sound outwards. The diaphragm moves in both directions instead of pushing sound towards your ear canal. Planar headphones are usually used in quiet environments to avoid disturbing others. Planar headphones are more expensive than dynamic headphones, but they provide superior audio. This is due to the complicated manufacturing process required to create the ultra-thin magnetics and ultra-thin membranes. Some listeners say they cost more, however, they offer greater clarity, image separation and representation of transients.